Marine turbine



Patented June 19 25. v

UNITED; sr

rEsPA-TENT oFricE. v

FRANCISHODGKINSON, or swan'rnnonn;'rENNsYLveNrA, ASSIGNOR 'IO wns'rmenonsn ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION or PENN- SYLVANIA.

MARINE TURBINE.

Application filed August 4, 1921. Serial No. 489,891;

To all whom, it may concern: 7

Be 1t known that I, Fn'ANois I-IoDeKINsoN,

a subject of the King of Great Britain and- Ireland, and a resident of Swarthmore, in the countyof Dela-Ware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented 'a new and useful- Improvement injMarine Turbines, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to steam turbines employing a plurality of sections, moreparticularly of the marine type having ahead and reversing sections, and has for its object to provide apparatus of the character designatedin which fluid frictional losses shall be reduced. I

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of my application, Figure 1 is a sectional view showing a portion of a turbine with my improvement applied thereto and Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view pertaining to theapparatus. shown in Figure 1;

In marine turbines, comprising ahead and reversing sections included in single units, the exhaust blading of the respective sections ordinarily discharges to a common exhaust chamber. Obviously, with this arrangement, some of the steam discharged from one section may beimpinged upon the blading or supporting structure therefor of the other section, with "consequent fluid frictional losses whlch serve to reduce the efli- .ciency of the. turbine.

A's steam is discharged from the exhaust blades of one section with a component of velocity opposed to the direction of rotation of the rotor, it will be apparent that, when such steam impinges upon the other section, the effect is to tend to cause the rotor to revolve in the opposite direction, whereby, in addition to the losses referred to, a positive retarding force is introduced which serves to reduce the efiiciency of the unit. 1

Accordingly, it is the object of my invention to provide, in an arrangement of the type referred to, a deflector mechanism which shall either effectively prevent steam discharged from one section from impinging upon the other or which may change the direction of steam discharged from the ahead section in such a way as to have a component of velocity which shall cooperate with the astern section toassist in rotation of the rotor or to lessen opposition to rotation thereof and which shall effectively prevent steam discharged from the astern section from reaching the ahead section, or the arrangement may be reversed so that steam discharged from the astern section shall assist in rotation of the rotorand steam discharged from the ahead section shall be proventedfrom reaching the astern section.

Referring to the drawings for a more detailed description of my invention, in Figure 1, I show a turbine including ahead and reversing sections, at 10 and 11, having the blading thereof'carried by the rotor and stator elements 12 and 13. The last row of blades of each section is adapted to dis chargesteam into a common exhaust chamber 14 arranged between the sections. With this arrangement, ordinarily, some of the steam exhausted from an operative section is caused to impinge upon an idle section with'the disadvantage already pointed out. I, therefore, have incorporated a deflector l6arranged between the sections and within the exhaust chamber 14:.

The deflector mechanism, at 16, which comprises a row of blades 17, carried by an annular root portion 18 supported laterally bya suitable number of side braces 19 between the defiector 16 and the stator 13 spaced supported by means of an annular member atrequisite intervals around the rotor 12. Peripherally, the root portion 18 is further 20, carried by web portions 21 connected to V the stator. The cross-sectional contour of the blades 17 is shown in Figure 2.

As may be seen from Figure 2, steam is discharged from thelast row of moving blades of the ahead section at high velocity and with a component of velocity which is opposed to the direct-ion of rotation of the rotor. The portion of steam which impinges upon the reversing section, therefore, has its direction changed by the blades 17 in such a manner that its velocity cooperates with the reversing section to assist in the rotation of the rotor or, at least, to reduce the resistance over that existing without a deflector. It will also be seen, from Figure 2, that, when the reversing section is operative, the blades 17 effectively prevent discharged steam from impinging upon the idly-running ahead section.

From the above it will be seen that I have provided very simple means for avoiding the losses in efiiciencyof a turbine of the type referred to; and it will furthermore be I seen that my improvement is particularly advantageous when the reversing section is in operation as the latter section is ordinarily designed to operate at lower efliciency than the ahead section, and, accordingly, steam is discharged therefrom at higher leaving velocities than obtain with the ahead section.

While I have shown my invention in but one form, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various other changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and I desire therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as are specifically set forth in the appended claims. 7

hat I claim is:

1. In a steam turbine having an ahead section and a reversing section with a common exhaust chamber, a deflector arranged within the chamber and between the sections and provided with blading whereby steam discharged from the ahead section and impinging upon the reversing section has its direction so changed as to assist in rotation of the rotor and which effectively prevents steam discharged from the r versing section from impinging upon the ahead section.

2411111 steam turbine having an ahead and a reversing section adapted to discharge steam into a common exhaust chamber, the combination 01"" a last row of moving blading arranged in each section, a deflector disposed within the exhaust chamber and spaced from each of the sections, a row of blading carried by the deflector, said row of blading having a cross sectional curvature in a directionsi'mil'ar to the adj acent row of blading in'the reversing section.

In a steam turbine having an ahead and a reversing section adapted to discharge steam into a common exhaust chamber, the combination of a last row of moving blading arranged in each section, a deflector disposed within the exhaust chamber midway between the sections, a row of blading carried by the deflector, said row of blading having a cross sectional curvature in a direction similar to the adjacent row of: blacing in the reversing section.

4. In a steam turbine having an ahead and a reversing section adapted to discharge steam into a common exhaust chamber, the combination of a. last row of moving blading arranged in each section, a deflector disposed within the exhaust chamber midway between the sections, a row of blading carried by the deflector, said row of blading being arranged to deflect steam discharged from the reversing section away from the ahead section when the reversing section is active and to deflect steam into the reversing section in the direction of rotation thereof when the ahead section is active.

5. In a steam turbine having an ahead and a reversing section, the combination of rows of blading arranged in each of the sections and adapted to discharge steam into a common exhaust chamber, the last row of blading of each section-being a moving row, a deflector disposed within the exhaust chamber, means for supporting the deflector against lateral and peripheral movement, and a row of blades carried by'the deflector, said blades having a cross sectional curvature in the same direction as the adjacent row of blading in the reversing section.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this first day of August, 1021.

FRANCIS HODGKINSON. 

